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NK Cell Therapy

What is NK Cell Therapy?

Natural Killer (NK) cell therapy is a type of immunotherapy that involves using NK cells, a type of white blood cell, to target and destroy cancer cells, infected cells, and other abnormal cells in the body. NK cells are a critical component of the innate immune system and have the ability to recognize and kill cells that do not display normal “self” markers, such as cancer cells or cells infected with viruses.

NK Cells and the Immune System

Natural Killer (NK) Cells are a crucial component of the innate immune system, providing a rapid response to virally infected cells, tumor formation, and other abnormal cells. Understanding their role and function within the broader context of the immune system highlights their importance in maintaining health and combating diseases.

Factors Contributing to Low NK Cell Levels

  1. Chronic Stress, Diseases and Infections
  2. Nutritional Deficiencies
  3. Autoimmune Disorders
  4. Cancer and Cancer Treatments
  5. Aging
  6. Unhealthy Lifestyle
  7. Genetic Factors
  8. Long-term Medications

Consequences of Low NK Cell Levels or Activity

1. Increased Susceptibility to Infections:
Low NK cell activity can lead to a higher frequency and severity of infections, particularly viral infections.

2. Higher Risk of Cancer:
NK cells play a crucial role in detecting and destroying cancer cells. Reduced NK cell function can increase the risk of developing cancers and may lead to poorer outcomes in cancer patients.

3. Poorer Outcomes in Chronic Diseases:
Chronic diseases may progress more rapidly or become more severe in individuals with low NK cell activity.

4. Delayed Recovery:
Individuals with low NK cell levels may experience slower recovery from illnesses and injuries due to impaired immune response.

Preparation for NK Cell Therapy

1. Pre-Screening: Blood Check-up
– Blood test for NK Cells and more: We will collect approximately 10 ml of blood for the purpose of conducting a diagnostic check. It functions as a preliminary evaluation to determine NK cell levels and the potential efficacy of NK therapy before the actual treatment begins. You will receive the results within 48 hours.

2. Preparation Steps:
– Diet and Lifestyle: Maintain a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, adequate hydration, and regular exercise if possible.

3. Treatment Plan:
– Blood Collection: We will collect blood samples (50-80 cc) for the isolation and expansion of NK cells to enhance their efficiency and volume. These cells will be sourced from your own blood (Autologous).

4. Culture NK Cell Therapy:
– Isolation of NK Cells: NK cells can be isolated from blood from the laboratory
– Expansion and Activation: Isolated NK cells are cultured in a suitable medium containing growth factors and cytokines (such as interleukin-2 or IL-15) to promote cell proliferation and activation. The culture process typically requires approximately 14-21 days.

5. Pre-Infusion Care:
– Hydration: Stay well-hydrated before the infusion to help with the administration and effectiveness of the therapy.
– Comfort: Wear comfortable clothing and bring items that can help you relax during the infusion, such as a book, music, or a blanket.

6. NK Cell Therapy:
– Infusion Process: The NK cell infusion is typically administered via an intravenous (IV) line. The process can take several hours, and you will be monitored closely by medical staff during the infusion to manage any immediate side effects.

Post-Therapy Care

1. Immediate Post-Infusion:
– Observation: You may need to stay at the treatment center for observation for a few hours to ensure there are no adverse reactions.
– Hydration and Nutrition: Continue to stay hydrated and eat a nutritious diet to support recovery.

2. Follow-Up Appointments:
– Regular Monitoring: Schedule follow-up visits to monitor your response to the therapy, which may include blood tests, imaging, and physical exams.
– Manage Side Effects: Report any side effects to us and manage them according to the provided instructions.

3. Lifestyle and Support:
– Healthy Lifestyle: Maintain a healthy lifestyle, including diet, exercise, and adequate sleep, to support your immune system and overall recovery.
– Emotional Support: Seek support from counselors, support groups, or mental health professionals to help manage any emotional or psychological impacts of the treatment.

Benefits of NK Cell Therapy

1. Targeted Immune Response:
– Specificity: NK cells can specifically target and kill cancer cells and infected cells without harming normal cells.
– Versatility: Effective against a wide range of cancers and infections.

2. Cancer Treatment:
– Reduced Tumor Size: NK cells can reduce the size of tumors by directly killing cancer cells.
– Prevention of Metastasis: They help prevent the spread of cancer to other parts of the body.

3. Viral Infections:
– Antiviral Effects: NK cells are effective against cells infected with viruses, contributing to viral clearance.

4. Minimal Side Effects:
– Reduced Toxicity: Compared to traditional chemotherapy and radiation, NK cell therapy generally has fewer and less severe side effects.

5. Immune System Enhancement:
– Boosting Immune Surveillance: Enhances the body’s ability to monitor and destroy abnormal cells.

Who Can Get NK Cell Therapy?

  • Cancer Group
    – Hematologic Cancers: Leukemia, Lymphoma.
    – Solid Tumors: Melanoma, Lung, Ovarian, Breast and Colorectal Cancer.
    – Other Cancers: Kidney Cancer, Head and Neck Cancers, Pancreatic Cancer.
  • Viral Infections
    – Chronic Viral Infections: Effective for patients with chronic viral infections like Hepatitis B and C, or HIV.
    – Acute Viral Infections: Can be considered for severe acute viral infections where conventional treatments are not effective.
  • Immune Deficiencies:
    – Primary Immunodeficiencies: Patients with congenital or acquired immune deficiencies that make them susceptible to infections and cancers.
  • Type I Diabetes:
    – NK cell therapy for Type I diabetes focuses on modulating the immune system to prevent the destruction of pancreatic beta cells and promote the regeneration of these cells.

  • Everyone who need preventive health treatment:
    – People who could potentially benefit from enhanced immune surveillance and function, also reducing cancer risk and autoimmune disease prevention.

     

Considerations and Risks

Potential Side Effects: While generally well-tolerated, NK cell therapy can sometimes cause side effects such as fever, chills, fatigue, and in rare cases, severe immune reactions.

NK Cell Therapy is a promising and innovative treatment that leverages the body’s natural immune mechanisms to fight cancer and infections. It offers targeted, effective, and potentially less toxic alternatives to traditional treatments.